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- TAIL(1L) Misc. Reference Manual Pages TAIL(1L)
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- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- tail - output the last part of files
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- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- ttttaaaaiiiillll [-c [+]N[bkm]] [-n [+]N] [-fqv] [--bytes=[+]N[bkm]] [--
- lines=[+]N] [--follow] [--quiet] [--silent] [--verbose] [--
- help] [--version] [file...]
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- ttttaaaaiiiillll [{-,+}Nbcfklmqv] [file...]
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- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- This manual page documents the GNU version of ttttaaaaiiiillll. ttttaaaaiiiillll
- prints the last part (10 lines by default) of each given
- file; it reads from standard input if no files are given or
- when a filename of `-' is encountered. If more than one
- file is given, it prints a header consisting of the file's
- name enclosed in `==>' and `<==' before the output for each
- file.
-
- The GNU ttttaaaaiiiillll can output any amount of data, unlike the Unix
- version, which uses a fixed size buffer. It has no -_r
- option (print in reverse). Reversing a file is really a
- different job from printing the end of a file; the BSD ttttaaaaiiiillll
- can only reverse files that are at most as large as its
- buffer, which is typically 32k. A reliable and more versa-
- tile way to reverse files is the GNU ttttaaaacccc command.
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- OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- ttttaaaaiiiillll accepts two option formats: the new one, in which
- numbers are arguments to the option letters, and the old
- one, in which a `+' or `-' and optional number precede any
- option letters.
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- If a number (`N') starts with a `+', ttttaaaaiiiillll begins printing
- with the Nth item from the start of each file, instead of
- from the end.
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- -_c _N, --_b_y_t_e_s _N
- Tail by N bytes. N is a nonzero integer, optionally
- followed by one of the following characters to specify
- a different unit.
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- b 512-byte blocks.
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- k 1-kilobyte blocks.
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- m 1-megabyte blocks.
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- -_f, --_f_o_l_l_o_w
- Loop forever trying to read more characters at the end
- of the file, on the assumption that the file is grow-
- ing. Ignored if reading from a pipe. If more than one
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- FSF Last change: GNU Text Utilities 1
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- TAIL(1L) Misc. Reference Manual Pages TAIL(1L)
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- file is given, ttttaaaaiiiillll prints a header whenever it gets
- output from a different file, to indicate which file
- that output is from.
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- -_l, -_n _N, --_l_i_n_e_s _N
- Tail by N lines. -_l is only recognized using the old
- option format.
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- -_q, --_q_u_i_e_t, --_s_i_l_e_n_t
- Never print filename headers.
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- -_v, --_v_e_r_b_o_s_e
- Always print filename headers.
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- --_h_e_l_p
- Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero status.
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- --_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
- Print version information on standard output then exit.
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- FSF Last change: GNU Text Utilities 2
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